問(wèn)渠那得清如許為有源頭活水來(lái)，問(wèn)渠那得清如許為有源頭活水來(lái)，表語(yǔ)一般由名詞形容詞介詞短語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)從句擔(dān)任，表語(yǔ)一般由名詞形容詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞介詞短語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)從句擔(dān)任。
英語(yǔ)基本句子的寫法
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
英語(yǔ)基本句子的寫法
第一步：如何寫好基本句子
1.六種基本句型
1）主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(+狀語(yǔ))（主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞（+副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等））Iamspeaking.
Hewalksveryfast.
Thesunrisesintheeast.
Herecomesthebus.(此句主謂倒裝了)
Theregoesthebugle.(此句主謂倒裝了)
比較：
Heoftenwalkshisdogaftersupper.
LiuHu-lanlivedagreatlifeanddiedagloriousdeath.Heoftenworkshiswifelateintothenight.
2）主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)（主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)（名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞等））
IstudyEnglish.
Sheloveshim.
Wegotthree.
Shelikesreadingbooksafterclass.
Idon'tliketoreadthatbookrightnow.
Whathehadsaidatthemeetingsurprisedallofus.
3)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)
29
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
Hegavemeabookyesterday.
Hegaveabooktomeyesterday.
Shewillbuymeanewbike.
Shewillbuyanewbikeforme.
Shedidnottellwhereshewouldgothefollowingday.
4)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等)
WecallhimJohn.
Theyfindthetaskdifficult.
Sheregardsmeasherbrother.
Shenoticedhimgooutamomentago.
WeheardhersinginganoldRussiansongjustnow.WhathasmadeChinawhatsheistoday?
Whathesaidsetusthinkingaboutourformerdecision.
5)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)（名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等）Sheisastudent.
Heistwenty.
Wearestrong.
Hereisyourchange.(此句主表倒裝了)
Thebookisonthetable.
TomasteraforeignlanguageisofgreatimportanceinChina.Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.
30
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
6）Therebe+主語(yǔ)（+狀語(yǔ)）
Thereisonlyonedeskintheclassroom.
Therearemanystudentsontheplayground.
2.句子的四種類型
1）簡(jiǎn)單句
JohnlovesMary.
JohnlovesMaryandgiveshermoney.
BothJohnandCliffloveMary.
JohnandCliffloveMaryandhersister(andgivethemmoney).一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句可表示：
A．a(chǎn)statement(陳述)
Mr.Brownteachesthisclass.
B.aquestion(問(wèn)題)
Doyouunderstandme?
C.acommandorarequest(命令)
Openthedoor.
Pleasehelpmewithmywork.
D.anexclamation(感嘆)
Howcolditis!
Howfastheisrunning!
Whatanicedayitis!
2)并列復(fù)合句
31
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
JohnlovesMary,butshedoesn’tlovehim.
FinallyJohnpersuadedMarytomarryhimforheisacharmingpersistentyoungman.
Thewindisblowing;thelightflashing;thethunderroaring;therainpouringdown;theearthrocking.
并列復(fù)合句常用連詞有：
A．表示并列關(guān)系的連詞有：and;notonly…..butalso;furthermore;besides;likewise;moreover;again;
IlikeEnglishandhelikesFrench.
Notonlythefurcoatissoft,butitisalsowarm.
Thecarwasalmostnew;furthermoreitwasinexcellent
condition.
B．表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞：but;yet;still;however;nevertheless;inspiteof;despite;notwithstanding;despitethat
Thecoatwasthinbutitwaswarm.
Thecarwasquiteold;yetitwasinexcellentcondition.Inspiteofitsage,thecarwasinexcellentcondition.Thecarwasquiteold;despitethatitwasinexcellent
condition.
C.表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞：or;neither;neither….nor
Youmustworkharder,oryouwilllosetheexam.
Eitheryouranswerormineiswrong.
32
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
Youranswerisnotright,neitherismine.
NeitheryounorIamtoblame.
D.表示因果關(guān)系的詞：so;then;therefore;consequently;accordingly
Therainbegantofall,sowewenthome.
Weworkeduntilsix;thenwewenthome.
Hebroketherulesoftheschool;thereforehehadtoleave.
3）主從復(fù)合句Wemustdowhatwemustdo.(賓語(yǔ)從句)Whatmustbedonemustbedone.(主語(yǔ)從句)Thisiswhatwemustdo.(表語(yǔ)從句)Whatisdonecannotbeundone.(主語(yǔ)從句)Wecaneatwhatwecannot.(賓語(yǔ)從句)AlthoughJohnlovesMary,shedoesnotlovehim.(狀語(yǔ)從句)Themanwhomyoumetyesterdayisafriendofmine.(定語(yǔ)從句)Nomatterwhathappens\Whateverhappens,myheartwillgoon.(狀語(yǔ)從句)
4）并列主從復(fù)合句
Whenheavyraincomes,thestreamsrise,andfarmersknowthattherewillbefloods.
TheneighborhoodthatHenrygrewupinwasfairlyprosperous,33
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
butitwasbynomeanswealthy.
3.寫句子時(shí)常見錯(cuò)誤
1）不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、形容詞短語(yǔ)懸垂
incorrectcorrect
TolearnEnglishwell,muchpracticeTolearn….,weneedmuchpractice.
isnecessary.
Heated,wecanmakewaterintosteam.Heated,watercanbemadeintosteam.
Afterreadingtheletter,myheartwasAfter
Ifoundmyheartbeatingfast.
beatingfast.
Afraidtoeatanymoreseafood,theAfraid
heaskedthewaitertoremoveit…
waiterremoveditfromhistable.
2)修飾語(yǔ)錯(cuò)位
ThenewsboywalkedhisbicycletoThenewsboyburdenedwithnewspaperswalkedto
thehouseofhisfirstcustomer
burdenedwithnewspaper.
TheU.S.onlyhasahistoryof200TheU.S.hasahistoryofonly200-oddyears.
reading...,toeat...,34
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
-oddyears.
AlicecouldseealotofcarsrunningThoughher
windowAlicecouldsee…
fastoutsidethroughherwindow.
HegavetherosetothelovelyactreHegavetherose
thathehadboughtforhiswifethathehadboughtforhiswife.tothelovelyactress.
3)代詞指代混亂
BeforeCathygavethedogitsfood,Cathywashedthe
dogbeforeshegaveititsfood.
shewashedit
Jackwasbittenbyadog,butitwas…,butthebite
wasnotserious.
notserious.
InMary’slettershetriedtopersuadeInherletter,
Mary…
ustogiveuptheplan.
Miketoldhisfatherthathiscarwouldn’tMikesaid
tohisfather,“Yourcarwon’tstart.”
start.
4).混亂轉(zhuǎn)換
EverystudentisrequiredtobringtheirbooksEvery
35
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
studentsis…h(huán)isbooks…
totheclassroom.
Shelefttheclassroomwhenthetestisover.Sheleft…whenthetestwasover.
First,buildafireandthenyoushouldmakethe…,andthenmakethecoffee.
coffee.
5).不完整句
HehadaneedandaninterestinlearningaHehadaneedforandaninterestin…
secondforeignlanguage.
SuzhouinnearertoShanghaithanNanjing.SuzhouisnearertoShanghaithanNanjingis.
4.寫簡(jiǎn)潔的句子
句子不簡(jiǎn)潔，應(yīng)將劃線部分刪去Inmyopinion,Ithinkyourplanisfeasible.Mybrotheraccompaniedmetogototheairport.
http://www.lookme-vision.com hecourseofanhourwearrivedatourdestination.AsfarasIamconcerned,thisplanisperfect.Itgoeswithoutsayingthattheycertainlydeservetheprize.36
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
5.變換句式
Hepickeduptheballquickly.Quicklyhepickedupthe…
HewasyoungandshortandcouldnotjoinHewastooyoungandtoshorttojointhearmy.
thearmy.
Thomaswastiredofstudying,sohetookTiredofstudying,Thomas…
arest.
Tolstoy,completingAnnaKarenina,wonCompletingKarenina,Tolstoywon…
thenationalrecognitioninRussia.
6.破句
HedecidedtolearnJapanese.He
learn…becauseitis…
Becauseitisausefullanguage.
Thegrouptravelledforaweek.Thegrouptravelled…andfinallyarrivedon…
FinallyarrivingonSaturday.
Oneofthecentury’sgreat
amiracle…
Medicalinventionispenicillin.Amiracle
Annadecidedto…penicillin,37
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
drugthathassavedmillionsoflives.
7.溶合句
ShewrotehimaloveletterheansweredShewrote…andheansweredherinperson.
herinperson.
ThebeltwastoosmallforhimshehadThebeltwassosmallforhimthatshehad…
tochangeitforanotherone.
Whydoyouaskhowdoesitconcernyou?Why
howitconcernsyou?
Ididn’twanttotalktomybrotherIpretendedItwant…soIpretendedtobeasleep.
tobeasleep.
8.句子成份不平衡
Simonishealthy,wealthyandanathlete.Simonis…andathletic.
Paulworksnotonlytocompetebuthealso
bybutalsotowinamedal.
wantstowinamedal.
Idon’tknowwhichIenjoymore,toplay
playingtennisorswimming.
tennisorswimming.
doyouaskdidn’…compete…enjoymore,38
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
Mymothershowsherlovebycookingand….showherlovebycookingforand
servingthefamilyservingthefamily.
Exercises
Exercises1
Revisethefollowingsentences.
1.2.3.4.Tohearhimtalk,hewasthoughttobeamillionaire.Readinganovel,thedoorbellrang.Shestaredatthepeoplenearbywithangryeyes.Whilewalkingalongthestreet,thehighbuildingslookedshinyandmagnificent.
5.6.7.8.9.Towinbusiness,manyrisksmustbetaken.Asanonlyson,hisparentsaretooindulgenttohim.Hehasonlyafacethatamothercouldlove.JohnSmithwhoisaneighborofminewillgowithus.Thestudentsdomorningexerciseseverydaytokeepfit.
10.Theresultbeingthathewonthegame.
11.Mynewcarisapleasuretodrivethereisn’ttheslightestsqueakorrattle.
12.ThevillagersspeaklittleEnglishthevisitorsseldomknowanytheirlanguage.
39
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
13.SelectingHydeParkCornerasastartingplace,ourroutegoesalongKnightsbridge.
14.Steppingcarelesslyoffthepavement,thebusknockedhimdown.
15.Climbingtothetopofthetower,thereisamagnificentviewtobeseen.
16.BeingSunday,Ishallhaveaquietdayathome.
17.Ifyoulearnhowtotakenotesinclass,muchextraworkwillbeavoided.
18.Firstmixsomeflourwithalittlewaterandthenyouputinsomesugar.
19.IsawmoreofhimthanRichard.
20.Thepoliceman’swarningwasacceptedbyher.
21.Iwokeupatsixa.m.thismorning.
22.Shelookedasthoughshewasangry.
23.AlthoughTomarrivedlatehoweverhewasnotcriticizedbytheteacherbecausehehadabadheadache.
24.Becauseheaskedmetogo,soIwent.
25.Alreadywornoutbyillness,thebadnewskilledhim.
26.Drivingacaronfrozenroadsthebrakesshouldbeappliedgently.
27.LearningEnglish,thepronunciationalwayscausedmemost40
問(wèn)渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)！
trouble.
28.OneoftheyoungmenshoutedsomethinginGerman.
wavinghishandintheair.
29.Hetoldmeasecret.Thathehadboughtheraring.
30.Tomtoldhisbrotherthathewasintrouble.
Exercise2
Fillintheblankswithappropriateconnectives.
1.2._____ithadstoppedraining,welefttherailwaystation.Celiaarrangedthemeeting,and,_____sheconsideredthetermsunfair,shesignedthecontract.
3.Attheageofseventy,theoldmanreturnedtohisnativetown_____hewasbroughtup.
4.5.Idon’tagreewithyou,_____doesmypartner.Iamgoingoutforashorttime,______youcangetsupperready.
6.Findout_____theyaregoingthisevening_____ask_______wemayjointhem.
7._____idonotlikehimverymuch,Icanappreciatehisqualities.
8.Hewasveryseriouslyill;______doctorshavealmostgivenuphopeofhisrecovery.
9.Those______arenotpreparedtostudyshould_____change41
theirways______makeroomforthose______willwork.
10.Theygotoconcertsofpopmusic_____theyreallylikeit.
11.Shecan’thopetopatheexaminDecember,_____she’llhavetowaittillJune.
12.Hebroketherulesoftheschool;_____hehadtoleave.
13.Idon’tknowanythingagainsttheman;_____Idon’ttrusthim.
14.I’llbuyanewsuitwhenIgetthecheckfortheworkIdid;_____,I’mafraidthisoldonewillhavetodoabitlonger.
15.He’llneverbeagoodviolinist;_____,theprofessortoldhimso.
16.Hedoesn’tworkhard;_____he’sincapableofhardwork.
17.You’llrecognizehim______youseehim.
18.______isyouranswerwrong______mineis______.
19.Thenearesttownis5or10milesfrom_____theylive.
20.Youmustworkharder;______youwillbeputintoanotherclass.
附注：
主語(yǔ)一般由以下詞類擔(dān)任：名詞、數(shù)詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞性從句、
the+某些形容詞;
Thefarmerworkshard.
Threeofuswentthereyesterday.
SheteachesEnglish.
Toservethepeopleismypleasure.
Cryingoverthespiltmilkisnouse.
Whathesaidatthemeetingisimportant.
Thepoorarelivingabitterlife.
謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞擔(dān)任。動(dòng)詞可分為：及物動(dòng)詞（要賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)可單也可雙）、不及物動(dòng)詞（沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)）、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（由動(dòng)詞+其他詞構(gòu)成，可及物，也可不及物，視后接的詞具體情況而定）、連系動(dòng)詞；
HestudiesEnglish.
Shegavemetwobookslastweek.(此句謂語(yǔ)是雙賓語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞)Theteacherrunsfast.
Theworkerlooksatthepicturecarefully.
Weshouldpayattentiontoourenvironmentalprotection.Themeetingtookplaceyesterday.
Youmaylookupthenewwordsinthedictionary.
Herfaceturnedred.
Itisasmallhouse.
賓語(yǔ)的詞類與主語(yǔ)相同；
Theywilllookafterthegardenforyou.
Shegaveusthree.
Thenurseforgottogivemethemedicine.
Youshouldremembermeetingherlastweek.
Theteacherwilltelluswhathesaidatthemeetinglastweek.Weshouldcareforthepoor.
賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一般由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞）擔(dān)任；
Thetrainingschoolmadeheragoodwifeandmother.Doingmorningexercisemakesmestrong.
Weconsiderthereportofgreatimportance.
WhathasmadeChinawhatsheistoday?
Shewantsyoutohelpher.
Theyfoundthepersonseriouslyinjured.
Thenursefoundhimlyingontheground.
表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、表語(yǔ)從句擔(dān)任；Heisafarmer.
Herfaceturnedred.
Iamatease.
Mydutyistolookafterthepatient.
Herjobiscleaningtheclassroom.
Thesituationispressing.
Weareallexcited.
Thatiswhathedidyesterday.
Thereasonthat\whyshecamelatetoclathismorningisthat
hermothersuddenlyfellillandshehadtosenthertohospital.狀語(yǔ)一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)任；
Shespeaksveryfast.
Wecandotheworkwithease.
Whenhecame,Ihadfinishedmyhomework.
Toservethepeoplebetter,wemuststudyhard.
Beinganhonestperson,hetoldthetruth.
Exploitedbythelandlord,thefarmersthereallhatedhim.Allflightshavingbeencalledoff,theyhadtogohomebytrain.Therebeingnourgentworktodointheoffice,westayedathomeanddidnotgotoworkyesterday.
Allthequestionssolved,themeetingended.
Withherhusbandkilledinthebattlelastyear,shehastobegforaliving.
Withoutanybodynoticinghim,hestoleintothemeetinghall.定語(yǔ)一般由名詞（表用途）、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)(后置)、副詞(后置)、定語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)任；
Hesatinthewaitingroom.
WeboughtacolorTVlastyear.
Theteacherteachestwentystudents.
Ourcountryisapowerfulone.
Thepenonthedeskismine.
Thefarmerstheresufferedalotbeforeliberation.Mybrother,whoworksinShanghai,isaprofessor.
Theexloitedclassesandtheexloitingclassesarenaturallyhostiletoeachother.
Oneofthemeasurestakenistoorganizevisitstootherfactories.
Ihaveafewwordstosay.
Theylivedinaroomfacingthesouth.
Thisisthebookrecommendedbyourteacher.