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句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)答案

句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)答案 | 樓主 | 2017-07-10 09:48:56 共有3個(gè)回復(fù)
  1. 1句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)答案
  2. 2句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解無(wú)答案
  3. 3句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解有答案

主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ),主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)只能使用其或的形式,動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能使用其或的形

句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)答案2017-07-10 09:47:31 | #1樓回目錄

KEYS

分析下列句子成分

1.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)3.主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)

5.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)

7.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)

9.主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)

11.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)13.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)足語(yǔ)

15.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)足語(yǔ)

17.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)

19.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞21.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)

23.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)25.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)

27.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)

29.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)足語(yǔ)

翻譯練習(xí):

主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞)

1Youshouldstudyhard.

2Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.3Thatmorningwetalkedagreatdeal.4Themeetingwilllasttwohours.

2.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)4.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接6.主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+形式賓語(yǔ)it+8.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)

10.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接12主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)

14.主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)16.主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)18.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接20.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞

22.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)

24.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞26.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞

28.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接30.主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)

5Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.6Thingsofthatsortarehappeningallovertheworldeveryday.7TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.8Classesbeginateighteveryday.9Thisboxweighsfivekilos.

10IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.

主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ))

1.Iwrotealetterlastnight.

2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.

4.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.

5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.6.Thatgentlemencanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.7.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.8.Jimcannotdrehimself.

9.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.10.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.

主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))

1Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.2Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.4Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.5Children,keepquietplease.6ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.7Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.8Heisoutofwork.9Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.10Thereportsoundsinteresting.

雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ))

1MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.

2Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.3Maryhandedthewallettotheschoolmaster.4Wouldyoupleasepamethedictionary?5Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.

6ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.7Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.8RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.

9Willyoupleasegetmeanewcopy?

10ShallIcallyouataxi?

復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))

1WecallherAlice.2HisparentsnamedhimJohn.

3Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4Theypushedthedooropen.

5Theyhavesetthethieffree.6Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.7Heaskedustojoininthegame.8Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.

9Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.10TomorrowI’llhavesomeonerepairthemachine.

11EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.12Thepainmadehimcryout.13Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.14Hehashishaircutonceamonth.

15I’llgetmyrecordermended.16Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.17Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.18heboyswerewatchingthesoldiersdrilling.

19Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.20Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.21Ithinkitmorecomfortabletogotherebyship.

22Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.

23Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclabegins.

24Ithoughtitnousetalkingwiththatman

Therebe句型

1Thereisn’tgoingtobeameetingtonight.

2Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.

3Thereis(are)ateacherofmusicandateacherofartintheschool.

4AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.

5Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.6

6Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneiontheoffice.

7Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.

8Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroom.

9Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.

10Therecomesthebus.

11Thereremainedjusttwenty-eightdollars.

12Infrontofthecave,therestands(grows)atallpinetree.

13Theregoesthebell.

14Therearetwenty-eightdaysinFebruary

句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解無(wú)答案2017-07-10 09:46:54 | #2樓回目錄

句子成分

一.主語(yǔ)(subject):句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。請(qǐng)找出下列句子的主語(yǔ)并指出什么(詞,短語(yǔ)或句子)可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。Thesunrisesintheeast.Helikesdancing.

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Whatheneedsisabook.

Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析2:動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

改錯(cuò):1.playcomputergamesdoesnogoodtous.2.Haveawalkinthestreetisherhobby.3.Gohomeatonceishisdecision

4.Makemorefriendswilldogoodtous.5.Imlikecomputerverymuch.

6.Thestorywashappeningtheyearbeforelast.二.賓語(yǔ):

1.動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓

請(qǐng)找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。IlikeChina.Hehatesyou.

Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Ihopetoseeyouagain.

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?

2.介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake/me/fighting?3.雙賓語(yǔ)-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析

1:介詞后跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí),必須為:名詞、代詞、ing或wh型的連接詞引導(dǎo)的從句。

改錯(cuò):①Iamfondofplaybasketball.②Hescrazyaboutreadstorybooks.③Iamsorryforlate.

④Ifeltterriblysadforabsentfromclass.2:動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

改錯(cuò):①Ienjoymakefriendswitheveryone.②Hewantedgohomeatonce.

三.表語(yǔ):表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞之后。

英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞及其分類。

①狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài):即be。常譯為是

②持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的繼續(xù)或保持某種狀況或態(tài)度,主要包括remain、keep、stay、lie、stand、exist等。保持,依然是Ihopeyouwillkeepfit.Wecanremainfriends.Pleasestayseated③變化系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣,主要包括:become、grow、turn、get、fall、go、come、run等。常譯為變得Hewentmad.

Hishairturnedgrey.Ifellill.

④結(jié)果系動(dòng)詞:表示主語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)果,主要有:provetobe,turnouttobe。常譯為結(jié)果是⑤感官系動(dòng)詞:主要有feel、smell、sound、taste,seem、appear、look。

Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.

Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.NowIfeeltired.

請(qǐng)找出下列句子的表語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。Heisateacher.

Seventy-four!Youdontlookit.Fiveandfiveisten.Heisasleep.Hisfatherisin.

Thepictureisonthewall.

Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.

Towearafloweristosay“Impoor,Icantbuyaring.Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的表語(yǔ)時(shí),需用其非謂語(yǔ)形式,其中todo表將來(lái)的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,doing表正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,有時(shí)也用作形容詞表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征;done表示被動(dòng)的已完成的動(dòng)作。

第1頁(yè)

選擇:

①M(fèi)yhobbyis__basketball.

A:playB:playingC:toplayD:played②Thedogwasso__inthattoy.

A:interestingB:interestedC:tointerestD:interest③Myplanis__h(yuǎn)omeimmediately.A:goB:togoC:goneD:going.④Kittywas__ateverythinghesaw.

A:surprisingB:surpriseC:surprisedD:tosurprise⑤Iwas__atmygrades.

A:disappointedB:disappointC:disappointingD:todisappoint2:名詞、代詞做表語(yǔ)時(shí),其數(shù)必須和主語(yǔ)保持一致。改錯(cuò):①Wearestudent.②Thesearepanda.③Itsbirds.

3:表語(yǔ)常用形容詞,而不用其副詞形式。改錯(cuò):

(1)Heissadly.

(2)Heisfriendlytoeveryone.

(3)Thefoodsmellsbadbutittasteswell.

(4)Oneyearlater,heturnedawriter.(a)(5)Astimewenton,hisideawasprovedright.

四.謂語(yǔ)(predicate):說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。1:實(shí)義動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)作謂語(yǔ)Astitchintimesavesnine.2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形作謂語(yǔ)

Thelawcannotmakeallmenequal,buttheyareequalbeforethelaw.

3:助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞(多為動(dòng)詞原形)作謂語(yǔ)Youdbettergonow,oryoullbelatefortheinterview.4:系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)作謂語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(名、代、介、形、副、非謂語(yǔ)……)才能構(gòu)成完整的謂語(yǔ)。注意謂語(yǔ)一定要有動(dòng)詞的參予來(lái)完成。改錯(cuò)。

①Heathomenow.

②Iagainst/fortheplan.③Iinfavorofthisidea.④Thelighton/offthen.⑤Hedeadnow.⑥Ifondofpandas.

⑦HealwaysinterestedinEnglish.⑧Thebookworthreading.⑨Ieagertogetyourhelp.

⑩Thegirldressedinwhitethen.

⑾Myplantodosomeshoppingtoday.⑿Iintoplayingtabletennis.⒀Myaimtoteachyouwell.⒁Tomdevotedtohisjobthen.

2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞雖有實(shí)義,但不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ),必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系表結(jié)構(gòu)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ),尤其表語(yǔ)是形容詞、副詞、介詞、時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤最多,處理方式是在表語(yǔ)前添加合適的系動(dòng)詞,多為be的合適形式。

改錯(cuò):①Youcantlateagain.②Hemayathome.③Hemustawaynow.④Tommaydeadnow.

⑤JohnmustfromtheUSA.

⑥Inmyopinion,hewillwellsoon.⑦Hedidntagainsttheplan.⑧Maohasdeadfor32years.⑨Theydidntthroughtheforest.

五.補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明其他的句子成分。有主補(bǔ)、和賓補(bǔ)兩種,用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主、賓所處的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等。賓補(bǔ):對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充,全稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

請(qǐng)找出下列句子的賓補(bǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)。1.Hefoundhisnewjobboring.2.ThecalledtheirdaughterMary.

3.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.4.Wewenttoherehousebutfoundherout.5.Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?

6.Wethoughthimtobeanhonestman.

7.Hebelievedthemtohavediscussedtheproblem.8.Hebelievedhertobetellingthetruth.9.Didyounoticehimcomein?10.IsawherchattingwithNancy.

11.Hewatchedthepianocarriedupstairs.

注意1:在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,可以出現(xiàn)用it作形式上的賓語(yǔ),把真正的賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的后面。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語(yǔ)常常是動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句。

第2頁(yè)

Hefeltithisdutytomentionthistoher.分析:it是形式賓語(yǔ),hisduty是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),tomentionthistoher是真正的賓語(yǔ)。

Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstaywithus.分析:it是形式賓語(yǔ),best是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),thatyoushouldstaywithus是真正的賓語(yǔ)。主補(bǔ):對(duì)主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充。

Hewaselectedmonitor.

Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.

Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.todo…,doing,-ed作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。

注意2:-ing作賓補(bǔ)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的一部分;若賓

語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式,若賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者用其被動(dòng)式。todo作賓補(bǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程,若賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,用其被動(dòng)式;若賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式。ed作賓補(bǔ)表示已完成的動(dòng)作,賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。選擇:(1)Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself__.A:hearB:heardC:hearingD:tohear

(2).Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise__on.A:goBgoingCgoneDtogo

(3).Isawhim__nothingatthemeetingfrombeginningtoend.

AsayBsaidCsayingDtosay(4).Thethiefcamein,withhishands__.AtyingBtiedCtieDtotie注意3:有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式時(shí)需省去符號(hào)to:watch,observe,see,look,lookat,notice;hear,listento,make,have,let,feel,help可帶可不帶。

六.定語(yǔ):修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。請(qǐng)找出下列句子的定語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.Heisourfriend.

Webelongtothethirdworld.

Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.

Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.

Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.Ihaveanideatodoitwell.

YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.

注意1:名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),須用其單數(shù)形式,不可用其所有格或復(fù)數(shù)形

式。在變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí),只變被修飾的名詞,man或woman作定語(yǔ)時(shí),則兩者都變。ashoeshopmensteachers

注意2:在表示只有一人擔(dān)任的頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞在作句子的表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不加冠詞:常見(jiàn)的名詞有:president,captain,monitor,headmaster,head-teacher,head,manager等WeelectedHupresidentofChina.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:?jiǎn)蝹(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞時(shí),需要后置

2:表語(yǔ)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)常后置如:awake、afraid、asleep、ashamed、alike等。

Hewastheonlypersonawakeatthattime.

3:當(dāng)else作形容詞修飾不定代詞或疑問(wèn)代詞如:who、what、which等時(shí)要后置

Ihavesomethingelsetosay.

4:表示長(zhǎng)、寬、高、深等度量的形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)常后置。Thisisaroomfivemeterswide.5:有些形容詞如present、adopted、concerned、absent、opposite等既可前置也可后置,但意義不同:

①presentadj:前置:目前的現(xiàn)在的后置:出席的Whatdoyouthinkofthepresentgovernment?Thepeoplepresentaremostlyfamousscientists.②adoptedadj:前置:收養(yǎng)的.后置:采用的Heisanadoptedson.

Whatsyoursolutionadopted?

③concernedadj:前置:擔(dān)心的關(guān)心的。后置:有關(guān)的Thereisaconcernedexpressiononherface.Thepersonsconcernedaretobepunished

④absentadj:前置:心不在焉的。后置:缺席的Jacksatatthedeskinanabsentway.

Theworkersabsentmustmakeupforthemeeting.⑤oppositeadj:前置:相反的。后置:對(duì)面的Thebirdflewawayintheoppositedirection.heshopoppositesellsapples.

⑥overseas既是adj又是adv作定語(yǔ)時(shí)意義不同

Overseasstudents=studentsfromoverseas外國(guó)留學(xué)生Studentsoverseas=studentswhoareoverseas出國(guó)留學(xué)生

⑦responsible前置意為“負(fù)責(zé)任的”,后置意為負(fù)責(zé)的,掌管的“。aresponsibleman意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)任的人”,amanresponsible則

意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)人”

⑧involved前置意為“復(fù)雜的”,后置意為“涉及的,相關(guān)的”

thepeopleinvolved意為“所涉及的人”,theinvolvedstory意為“復(fù)雜的經(jīng)歷”

七.狀語(yǔ):用來(lái)修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。狀語(yǔ)用副詞,不用形容詞請(qǐng)找出下列句子的狀語(yǔ)并指出是什么狀語(yǔ)。Iwillgotheretomorrow.

Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.

Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.

Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、或句子;形容詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主、賓所的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征。選擇:

①Hefoundthequestiondifficult/difficultly

②Ithinkitimpossible/impossiblyforustodefeatthemphysically.③Heworkedhard/hardlytorealizehisdream.

④Allmadeiteasy/easilyforustoenterakeyuniversity.

⑤Dressedinnothing,theemperorwalkedinthestreetproud/proudly.

⑥Thequestionisgreat/greatlydifferentfromthatone.⑦Thisroomisthesamesize/bigasthatone.

2:分詞及不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),須賀邏輯主語(yǔ)保持一致,邏輯主語(yǔ)多為句子的主語(yǔ)。

①Inordertomakeourcitygreen___.A:itsnecessarytohaveplantedmoretrees.B:manymoretreesneedtobeplanted.C:ourcityneedsmoretreesD:wemustplantmoretrees.

②___time,hellbecomeawriter.

A:GivenB:GivingC:TogiveD:Havinggiven③WhilewatchingTV,___

A:thedoorbellrangB:thedoorbellrings

C:weheardthedoorbellringD:weheardthedoorbellrings④___asameansoftrafficinchina,thebikeisveryuseful.

A:usedB:usingC:TouseD:use

八、同位語(yǔ):指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)事物作同一個(gè)句子成

分。

請(qǐng)找出下列句子的同位語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)。Itsmyfriend,John.

Myraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.

Hisolddreamofgoingroundtheworldcameback,butthistimehewouldsail

Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.

九、插入語(yǔ):是對(duì)一句話,某一個(gè)詞或詞組做些附加的解釋或說(shuō)明有時(shí)表達(dá)說(shuō)話者的態(tài)度和看法;有時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用;有時(shí)是為了引起對(duì)方的注意;還可以起轉(zhuǎn)移話題或說(shuō)明事由的作用;也可以承上啟下,使句子銜接得更緊密一些,通常用逗號(hào)與其它成分隔開(kāi),且和其他句子成分沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法上的聯(lián)系,將它刪掉后,句子結(jié)構(gòu)依然完整。請(qǐng)找出下列句子的插入語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)插入語(yǔ)。Totellyouthetruth,Imnotinterestedinthatmatter.Judgingfromhisclothes,hemaybeanartist.Bytheway,howcanIgettotherailstation?

Donotplant,forexample,riceyearafteryearinthesamefield.Thisis,surely,averygoodbook.

Mostimportantofall,wemustlearntheskills.

Hecantpatheexam,becausehedoesn'tstudyhard.whatsmore,he

isntsoclever.

簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型:一.主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞)在這一句型中,動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞及不及物的動(dòng)詞詞組。在有的句子中,不及物動(dòng)詞可以有狀語(yǔ)修飾。1.Thesunisrising.2.I'lltry.注意:在此句型中,有少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,表達(dá)主語(yǔ)本身所具有的特性,不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1.Thebooksellswell.2.Thewindowwon'tshut.3.Thepenwritessmoothly.4.Cheesecutseasily.翻譯:1.會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我們談了很多。4.在過(guò)去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。5.1919年,在北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。6.這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。二.主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ))(1)不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接加賓語(yǔ)。如agree,lie,work,argue,belong,come,go,reply等。(2)不及物動(dòng)詞加一個(gè)介詞后構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)可以加賓語(yǔ)。如agreewith,liein,workat,belongto,comeacross,goto等。(3)有些動(dòng)詞既是及物動(dòng)詞又是不及物動(dòng)詞。如begin,sell,write,wash,answer,read等。例如:Themeetingbeginsathalfpastnine.(不及物動(dòng)詞)Theprofessorbeganhisspeechdirectly.(及物動(dòng)詞)Thebooksofthiskindsellwellandhewillsellthem.(第一個(gè)sell為不及物動(dòng)詞,而第二個(gè)是及物動(dòng)詞)。1那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?這本書他讀過(guò)多次了。4他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。5你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。6Jim還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。7我們大家都相信Jack是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。8他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。三。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ))使用系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)注意的地方:第一,沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);第二,一般沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)(除了feel以外);第三,有些動(dòng)詞既是系動(dòng)詞又是普通動(dòng)詞。如:keep,grow,taste,feel,get,smell等。例如:Aftertwo-day’streatment,hefeltwellagain.(不用wasfelt)Thepetdogkeepsclean.ItiskeptbyJohnson.(keeps是系動(dòng)詞,而kept是及物動(dòng)詞)Wegrewsometreesaroundourschoolandtheygrowgreennow.(grew是及物動(dòng)詞,而grow是系動(dòng)詞)JustnowIfeltthetableanditfeltsmooth.(第一個(gè)felt是及物動(dòng)詞,而第二個(gè)是系動(dòng)詞)[練習(xí)]選擇一個(gè)合適的詞或根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空,注意動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式。(1)I_______(remain/keep/stay)anursewhilehehas_________(turn/become)engineer.(2)Putthemeatintherefrigerator(冰箱).It__________(go/get/

turn/become)badeasily.(3)Whathesaid__________(sound/look/smell/taste)reasonable.(4)Hefeels__________(comfortable/comfortably)workingintheair-conditionedoffice.(5)Wedomorningexercisesto_______(keep/turn/become)healthy.(6)Theapple__________(tastes/istasted)sweet.(7)Pleasekeep______(安靜);Thebabyhasfallen_________(睡著).

(8)Theyworkdayandnighttomaketheirdreamcome__________(實(shí)現(xiàn)).1.Ironfeelscoldinwinter.2.Thisideasoundsgood.3.Helooksyoung.4.Theweatherremainscoolthesedays.5.Theflowersinfrontofthehousesmellnice.翻譯:1.這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思。2.樹(shù)葉已經(jīng)變黃.3布朗夫人看起來(lái)很健康。4十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。5孩子們,請(qǐng)保持安靜。6.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。四.雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ))主語(yǔ)--動(dòng)詞--間接賓語(yǔ)(人)--直接賓語(yǔ)(物)Hehandedmealetter.Shesangusafolksong.如果直接賓語(yǔ)放在及物動(dòng)詞之后、間接賓語(yǔ)之前,那么兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)之間應(yīng)有一個(gè)介詞(to,for等)。Hehandedalettertome.

Shesangafolkforus.

直接賓語(yǔ)可以由賓語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)。TellhimI'mout.

CanyouinformmewhereMiGreenlives?翻譯:1.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?

(6)Ihavenothing________(do)thisafternoon.Let’sgo

swimming.

(7)Hekeptus________(read)thestoryonceandagain.(8)Thekeeperkeptthemonkey________(在籠子里).(9)Jennyhadhermoney________(偷了).

2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。3.請(qǐng)你給我弄一本新的,好嗎?4.請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎?

5.他把車票給列車員看。6.這個(gè)學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫過(guò)三封信了。7.我父親已經(jīng)給我買了一輛新自行車。8.RobinsonCrusoe給自己做了一只小船。

五.動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)(n./adj./adv./-ing/-ed/todo)在此句型中的動(dòng)詞,叫做可以跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。后面的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況的,賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起被稱做復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。1.Wewishedthepopsingertosucceed.2.Wemadetheyoungmanourmanager.3.Thenewsmadeherhappy.

4.Herfathermadeherlearndrawingafterschool.5.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhimwritingaletter.6.Mybikeisbroken,Illhaveitrepairedtomorrow.翻譯:1.他的父母給他取名為John.

2.我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。3.我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。

4.他請(qǐng)我們參加做游戲。5.明天我要找人來(lái)修理機(jī)器。

6.每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。7.他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。

8.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了9.他感到很難跟你交談。

10.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。

11.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則,開(kāi)始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。12.我認(rèn)為與那個(gè)人談話是無(wú)益的。

[練習(xí)]根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)提示在空格上填一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。(1)Lethim________(進(jìn)來(lái)).

(2)Letthestudent________(站)outsidetheclassroom.(3)Wemadeourclassroom________(明亮).

(4)Fatherhavesomeemployees________(work)alldayandall

night.

(5)Didyouhaveyourbicycle________(repair)?

(10)Ifoundmyself________(surround)bysomesnakes.(11)Iwouldliketoseetheplan________(carry)out.(12)Whogotthemachine________(start)?

(13)Jimaskedme________(wait)himattheschoolgate.(14)Theboywasmade________(stand)outsidetheroom.(15)Don’tallowtheguests________(smoke)here.

句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解有答案2017-07-10 09:47:20 | #3樓回目錄

句子成分

一.主語(yǔ)(subject):句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。

1.請(qǐng)找出下列句子的主語(yǔ)并指出什么(詞,短語(yǔ)或句子)可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。

Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)Helikesdancing.(代詞)Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.(動(dòng)名詞)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主語(yǔ)從句)Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ))

常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析

2:動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

改錯(cuò):1.playcomputergamesdoesnogoodtous.

2.Haveawalkinthestreetisherhobby.3.Gohomeatonceishisdecision4.Makemorefriendswilldogoodtous.5.Imlikecomputerverymuch.6.Thestorywashappeningtheyearbeforelast.二.賓語(yǔ):

1.動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓請(qǐng)找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。

IlikeChina.(名詞)Hehatesyou.(代詞)Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動(dòng)名詞)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(賓語(yǔ)從句)2.介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake/me/fighting?3.雙賓語(yǔ)-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析

1:介詞后跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí),必須為:名詞、代詞、ing或wh型的連接詞引導(dǎo)的從句。

改錯(cuò):①Iamfondofplaybasketball.

②Hescrazyaboutreadstorybooks.

③Iamsorryforlate.

④Ifeltterriblysadforabsentfromclass.

2:動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),只能使用其todo或doing的形式。其中不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次的動(dòng)作,-ing強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

改錯(cuò):①Ienjoymakefriendswitheveryone.

②Hewantedgohomeatonce.

三表語(yǔ):表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞之后。

英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞及其分類。

①狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài):即be。常譯為是

②持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的繼續(xù)或保持某種狀況或態(tài)度,主要包括remain、keep、stay、lie、stand、exist等。常譯為保持,依然是Ihopeyouwillkeepfit.Wecanremainfriends.Pleasestayseated③變化系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣,主要包括:become、grow、turn、get、fall、go、come、run等。常譯為變得Hewentmad.Hishairturnedgrey.Ifellill.④結(jié)果系動(dòng)詞:表示主語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)果,主要有:provetobe,turnouttobe。常譯為結(jié)果是seem、appear、look.⑤感官系動(dòng)詞:主要有feel、smell、sound、taste,seem、appear、look。Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.NowIfeeltired.請(qǐng)找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。

Heisateacher.(名詞)Seventy-four!Youdontlookit.(代詞)Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)Heisasleep.(形容詞)Hisfatherisin.(副詞)Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語(yǔ))Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容詞化的分詞)Towearafloweristosay“Impoor,Icantbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語(yǔ)從句)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)在作句子的表語(yǔ)時(shí),需用其非謂語(yǔ)形式,其中todo表將來(lái)的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,doing表正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,有時(shí)也用作形容詞表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征;done表示被動(dòng)的已完成的動(dòng)作。選擇:

①M(fèi)yhobbyis__basketball.

A:playB:playingC:toplayD:played②Thedogwasso__inthattoy.

A:interestingB:interestedC:tointerestD:interest③Myplanis__h(yuǎn)omeimmediately.

A:goB:togoC:goneD:going.④Kitywas__ateverythinghesaw.

A:surprisingB:surpriseC:surprisedD:tosurprise⑤Iwas__atmygrades.

A:disappointedB:disappointC:disappointingD:todisappoint2:名詞、代詞做表語(yǔ)時(shí),其數(shù)必須和主語(yǔ)保持一致。改錯(cuò):

①Wearestudent.

②Thesearepanda.

③Itsbirds.

3:表語(yǔ)常用形容詞,而不用其副詞形式。改錯(cuò):

(1)Heissadly.

(2)Heisfriendlytoeveryone.

(3)Thefoodsmellsbadbutittasteswell.(4)Oneyearlater,heturnedawriter.(a)(5)Astimewenton,hisideawasprovedright.四.謂語(yǔ)(predicate):說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。

1:實(shí)義動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)作謂語(yǔ)Astitchintimesavesnine.2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形作謂語(yǔ)Thelawcannotmakeallmenequal,buttheyareequalbeforethelaw.3:助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞(多為動(dòng)詞原形)作謂語(yǔ)Youdbettergonow,oryoullbelatefortheinterview.4:系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)作謂語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(名、代、介、形、副、非謂語(yǔ)……)才能構(gòu)成完整的謂語(yǔ)。注意謂語(yǔ)一定要有動(dòng)詞的參予來(lái)完成。

改錯(cuò)。

①Heathomenow.

②Iagainst/fortheplan.

③Iinfavorofthisidea.

④Thelighton/offthen.

⑤Hedeadnow.

⑥Ifondofpandas.

⑦HealwaysinterestedinEnglish.

⑧Thebookworthreading.

⑨Ieagertogetyourhelp.

⑩Thegirldressedinwhitethen.

⑾Myplantodosomeshoppingtoday.

⑿Iintoplayingtabletennis.

⒀Myaimtoteachyouwell.

⒁Tomdevotedtohisjobthen.

2:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞雖有實(shí)義,但不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ),必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系表結(jié)構(gòu)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ),尤其表語(yǔ)是形容詞、副詞、介詞、時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤最多,處理方式是在表語(yǔ)前添加合適的系動(dòng)詞,多為be的合適形式。

改錯(cuò):

①Youcantlateagain.

②Hemayathome.

③Hemustawaynow.

④Tommaydeadnow.

⑤JohnmustfromtheUSA.

⑥Inmyopinion,hewillwellsoon.

⑦Hedidntagainsttheplan.

⑧Maohasdeadfor32years.

⑨Theydidntthroughtheforest.

五.補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明其他的句子成分。有主補(bǔ)、和賓補(bǔ)兩種,用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主、賓所處的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等。

賓補(bǔ):對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充,全稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

請(qǐng)找出下列句子的賓補(bǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)。

1.Hefoundhisnewjobboring.(形容詞作賓補(bǔ))2.ThecalledtheirdaughterMary.(名詞作賓補(bǔ))3.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.(介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ))4.Wewenttoherehousebutfoundherout.(副詞作賓補(bǔ))5.Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?(不定式作賓補(bǔ))6.Wethoughthimtobeanhonestman.(tobe作賓補(bǔ))7.Hebelievedthemtohavediscussedtheproblem.(不定式的完成式作賓補(bǔ))

8.Hebelievedhertobetellingthetruth.(不定式的進(jìn)行式作賓補(bǔ))9.Didyounoticehimcomein?(不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ))10.IsawherchattingwithNancy.(現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ))11.Hewatchedthepianocarriedupstairs.(過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ))注意1:在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,可以出現(xiàn)用it作形式上的賓語(yǔ),把真正的賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的后面。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語(yǔ)常常是動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句。

Hefeltithisdutytomentionthistoher.分析:it是形式賓語(yǔ),hisduty是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),tomentionthistoher是真正的賓語(yǔ)。

Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstaywithus.分析:it是形式賓語(yǔ),best是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),thatyoushouldstaywithus是真正的賓語(yǔ)。主補(bǔ):對(duì)主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充。

Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.todo…,doing,-ed作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。注意2:-ing作賓補(bǔ)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的一部分;若賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式,若賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者用其被動(dòng)式。todo作賓補(bǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程,若賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,用其被動(dòng)式;若賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,用其主動(dòng)式。ed作賓補(bǔ)表示已完成的動(dòng)作,賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。

選擇:(1)Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself__.

A:hearB:heardC:hearingD:tohear(2).Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise__on.A:goBgoingCgoneDtogo

(3).Isawhim__nothingatthemeetingfrombeginningtoend.AsayBsaidCsayingDtosay(4).Thethiefcamein,withhishands__.AtyingBtiedCtieDtotie注意3:有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式時(shí)需省去符號(hào)to:watch,observe,see,look,lookat,notice;hear,listento,make,have,let,feel,help可帶可不帶。六.定語(yǔ):修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。

請(qǐng)找出下列句子的定語(yǔ)并指出什么可以充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。

AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)Heisourfriend.(代詞)Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過(guò)去分詞)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語(yǔ)從句)注意1:名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),須用其單數(shù)形式,不可用其所有格或復(fù)數(shù)形式。在變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí),只變被修飾的名詞,man或woman作定語(yǔ)時(shí),則兩者都變。

ashoeshopmensteachers注意2:在表示只有一人擔(dān)任的頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞在作句子的表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不加冠詞:常見(jiàn)的名詞有:president,captain,monitor,headmaster,head-teacher,head,manager等WeelectedHupresidentofChina.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:?jiǎn)蝹(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞時(shí),需要后置2:表語(yǔ)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)常后置如:awake、afraid、asleep、ashamed、alike等。Hewastheonlypersonawakeatthattime.3:當(dāng)else作形容詞修飾不定代詞或疑問(wèn)代詞如:who、what、which等時(shí)要后置Ihavesomethingelsetosay.4:表示長(zhǎng)、寬、高、深等度量的形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)常后置。Thisisaroomfivemeterswide.5:有些形容詞如present、adopted、concerned、absent、opposite等既可前置也可后置,但意義不同:

①presentadj:前置:目前的現(xiàn)在的后置:出席的

Whatdoyouthinkofthepresentgovernment?Thepeoplepresentaremostlyfamousscientists.②★adoptedadj:前置:收養(yǎng)的

后置:采用的

Heisanadoptedson.

Whatsyoursolutionadopted?③concernedadj:前置:擔(dān)心的關(guān)心的。后置:有關(guān)的Thereisaconcernedexpressiononherface.Thepersonsconcernedaretobepunished④absentadj:前置:心不在焉的。后置:缺席的

Jacksatatthedeskinanabsentway.Theworkersabsentmustmakeupforthemeeting.⑤oppositeadj:前置:相反的。后置:對(duì)面的

Thebirdflewawayintheoppositedirection.heshopoppositesellsapples.⑥overseas既是adj又是adv作定語(yǔ)時(shí)意義不同

Overseasstudents=studentsfromoverseas外國(guó)留學(xué)生Studentsoverseas=studentswhoareoverseas出國(guó)留學(xué)生⑦responsible前置意為“負(fù)責(zé)任的”,后置意為負(fù)責(zé)的,掌管的“。如:aresponsibleman意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)任的人”,amanresponsible則意為“一位負(fù)責(zé)人”

⑧involved前置意為“復(fù)雜的”,后置意為“涉及的,相關(guān)的”

如:thepeopleinvolved意為“所涉及的人”,theinvolvedstory意為“復(fù)雜的經(jīng)歷”七.狀語(yǔ):用來(lái)修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。狀語(yǔ)用副詞,不用形容詞請(qǐng)找出下列句子的狀語(yǔ)并指出是什么狀語(yǔ)。

Iwillgotheretomorrow.(時(shí)間)Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.(地點(diǎn))Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.(原因)HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.(目的)Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.(結(jié)果)Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.(程度)Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.(條件)Hegoestoschoolbybike.(方式)Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.(讓步)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析:

1:副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、或句子;形容詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主、賓所的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征。

選擇:

①Hefoundthequestiondifficult/difficultly

②Ithinkitimpossible/impossiblyforustodefeatthemphysically.③Heworkedhard/hardlytorealizehisdream.

④Allmadeiteasy/easilyforustoenterakeyuniversity.

⑤Dressedinnothing,theemperorwalkedinthestreetproud/proudly.⑥Thequestionisgreat/greatlydifferentfromthatone.

⑦Thisroomisthesamesize/bigasthatone.

2:分詞及不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),須賀邏輯主語(yǔ)保持一致,邏輯主語(yǔ)多為句子的主語(yǔ)。

①Inordertomakeourcitygreen___.

A:itsnecessarytohaveplantedmoretrees.B:manymoretreesneedtobeplanted.

C:ourcityneedsmoretreesD:wemustplantmoretrees.②___time,hellbecomeawriter.

A:GivenB:GivingC:TogiveD:Havinggiven③WhilewatchingTV,___

A:thedoorbellrangB:thedoorbellringsC:weheardthedoorbellringD:weheardthedoorbellrings④___asameansoftrafficinchina,thebikeisveryuseful.A:usedB:usingC:TouseD:use八、同位語(yǔ):指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)事物作同一個(gè)句子成分。

Itsmyfriend,John.(名詞)Myraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.代詞Hisolddreamofgoingroundtheworldcameback,butthistimehewouldsail(介詞of引出動(dòng)名詞作同位語(yǔ))Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.從句九、插入語(yǔ):是對(duì)一句話,某一個(gè)詞或詞組做些附加的解釋或說(shuō)明有時(shí)表達(dá)說(shuō)話者的態(tài)度和看法;有時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用;有時(shí)是為了引起對(duì)方的注意;還可以起轉(zhuǎn)移話題或說(shuō)明事由的作用;也可以承上啟下,使句子銜接得更緊密一些,通常用逗號(hào)與其它成分隔開(kāi),且和其他句子成分沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法上的聯(lián)系,將它刪掉后,句子結(jié)構(gòu)依然完整。Totellyouthetruth,I’mnotinterestedinthatmatter.不定式Judgingfromhisclothes,hemaybeanartist.分詞Bytheway,howcanIgettotherailstation?介詞短語(yǔ)Donotplant,forexample,riceyearafteryearinthesamefield.Thisis,surely,averygoodbook.副詞Mostimportantofall,wemustlearntheskills.形容詞Hecantpatheexam,becausehedoesn'tstudyhard.whatsmore,heisntsoclever.句子句子結(jié)構(gòu)

簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型:

一.主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞)

在這一句型中,動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞及不及物的動(dòng)詞詞組。在有的句子中,不及物動(dòng)詞可以有狀語(yǔ)修飾。

1.Thesunisrising.2.I'lltry.注意:在此句型中,有少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,表達(dá)主語(yǔ)本身所具有的特性,不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

1.Thebooksellswell.2.Thewindowwon'tshut.3.Thepenwritessmoothly.4.Cheesecutseasily.翻譯:1.會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。

2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我們談了很多。

4.在過(guò)去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。51919年,在北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。6.這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。1Themeetingwilllasttwohours.2Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.3Thatmorningwetalkedagreatdeal.4Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.5TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.6Thisboxweighsfivekilos.二.主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ))

在此句型中,動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞

1那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?這本書他讀過(guò)多次了。4他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。5你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。6Jim還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。7我們大家都相信Jack是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。8他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。1.Thatgentlemencanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.4.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.6.Jimcannotdrehimself.7.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.8.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.三。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ))

1.Ironfeelscoldinwinter.2.Thisideasoundsgood.3.Helooksyoung.4.Theweatherremainscoolthesedays.5.Theflowersinfrontofthehousesmellnice.翻譯:1.這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思。

2.樹(shù)葉已經(jīng)變黃.3布朗夫人看起來(lái)很健康。了。4十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。5孩子們,請(qǐng)保持安靜。6.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。1。Thereportsoundsinteresting.2.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.3MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.4Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.5Children,keepquietplease.6Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.四.雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ))

主語(yǔ)--動(dòng)詞--間接賓語(yǔ)(人)--直接賓語(yǔ)(物)

第一種情況,間接賓語(yǔ)可以改為to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)。

Hehandedmealetter.Hehandedalettertome.第二種情況,間接賓語(yǔ)可以改為for引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)。

Shesangusafolksong.Shesangafolkforus.第三種情況,直接賓語(yǔ)可以由賓語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)。

TellhimI'mout.CanyouinformmewhereMiGreenlives?翻譯:1.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?

2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。3.請(qǐng)你給我弄一本新的,好嗎?4.請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎?5.他把車票給列車員看。6.這個(gè)學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫過(guò)三封信了。7.我父親已經(jīng)給我買了一輛新自行車。8.RobinsonCrusoe給自己做了一只小船。1.ShallIcallyouataxi?2.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.3.Willyoupleasegetmeanewcopy?4.Wouldyoupleasepamethedictionary?5.Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.6.ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.7.Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.8.RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.五.動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)(n./adj./adv./-ing/-ed/todo)Examples:

在此句型中的動(dòng)詞,叫做可以跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。后面的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況的,賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起被稱做復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。

1.Wewishedthepopsingertosucceed.2.Wemadetheyoungmanourmanager.3.Thenewsmadeherhappy.4.Herfathermadeherlearndrawingafterschool.5.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhimwritingaletter.6.Mybikeisbroken,Illhaveitrepairedtomorrow.翻譯:1.他的父母給他取名為John.

2.我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。3.我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。4.他請(qǐng)我們參加做游戲。5.明天我要找人來(lái)修理機(jī)器。6.每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。7.他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。8.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了9.他感到很難跟你交談。10.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。11.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則,開(kāi)始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。

12.我認(rèn)為與那個(gè)人談話是無(wú)益的。1.HisparentsnamedhimJohn.2.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.3.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.4.Heaskedustojoininthegame.5.TomorrowIllhavesomeonerepairthemachine.6.EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.7.Hehashishaircutonceamonth.8.Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.9.Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.10.Ithinkitmorecomfortabletogotherebyship.11.Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclabegins.12.Ithoughtitnousetalkingwiththatman

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