寫作中的變性主要有三種改變前，我們除了真實(shí)善良和漂亮之外一無所有，托福寫作中要注意句子的變化，托福寫作備考句子開頭的多樣化，這些副詞大多數(shù)表示說話人對全句的看法在意思上相等與形容詞。
托福寫作句子美化
句子美化
A：狀語前置
在英文寫作里，狀語前置是一種相當(dāng)常用的句式變換手法。
狀語前置就是把一個(gè)由副詞、介詞、現(xiàn)在分詞或者動(dòng)詞不定式形成的小短語放在句首。這種句式最大的好處是讓你的句子產(chǎn)生了一種長短結(jié)合的跳躍的節(jié)奏感。
新托福作文狀語前置用法全集
☆Historically,inAmericaworkershavebeenmercilesslyexploitedbybigcorporations.Forexample,garmentindustryworkers,railwayworkersandfruitpickersweresufferingmanyhardshipsandpaidverylittle.
☆Clearly,thisisapositivealternativeformotivatedparentsandtheirchildren.
☆Undoubtedly,themostbasicelementsofwritingaretobefoundinpictures.
B句中做手腳
☆同理，在新托福作文的句中也經(jīng)�？梢砸胄《陶Z，它會讓句子顯得更加靈活多變。
Shopping,anecessarypartofdailylife,isincreasinglytime-consuming(消耗時(shí)間的)inNorthAmerica.
We’IIalldieintheend,andbecauseofthis,weshouldcherisheverymomentoflife.InAmerica,thosewhomovelongdistancesaregenerallythekindofpeoplewhoplaythemajorroleinholdingthecommunitytogether,inlargepartbecause/partlybecausetheyaremoreconfidentandhavebettercareeropportunities.
Theinternetisasimplecollectionofscreens改成
☆TheInternetis,simply,acollectionofscreensofinformation(knownaswebpages)thatresideonthousandsofcomputersaroundtheworld.
☆A(yù)positiveattitude,afterall,isessentialforastudent’sacademicperformance.
☆Uponreflection,Irecognize,sadly,myexperienceofbeingahigh-schoolstudentandthoseofthehigh-schoolstudentstodayarenotasdifferentasIhoped.
☆Manyscientistsbelievethathumanactivityhasverylittle,ifany,impactontherecentwarmingtrendonEarth.
C副詞領(lǐng)路人
有些表示幅度或者范圍的副詞，如果放在形容詞的前面引導(dǎo)形容詞，經(jīng)�？梢云鸬阶屗鼈兒竺娴男稳菰~更加明確的作用。
例如:TheabilitytospeakEnglishisincreasinglyimportantinaglobalsociety.
Themedicinedoesn’tcuretheillness.It
merely(just)stopsthepain.
Theproduct’ssuccecan’tbesolely（-only，但注意solely只能作副詞）attributedtotheadvertising.
類似的副詞還有：approximately（大約），markedly(顯著地)，substantially（大幅度地，顯著地，在比較正式的文章和演講中異常常用），considerably（顯著地，可觀地），slightly微小地，marginallyc略微地，和fractionally本意是分?jǐn)?shù)地，但一般就近似“微小程度地”意思。
D倒裝是進(jìn)步的階梯
倒裝這種語法現(xiàn)象同學(xué)們都學(xué)過，但經(jīng)常想不到去積極使用。在新托福作文里如果找準(zhǔn)機(jī)會用一次，會讓考官感到一股暖流涌上心頭。
☆Notonlyshouldtheparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildren,theyshouldalsotrytocommunicatewiththeirchildrenmore
often.
☆Onlyinthiswaycantheproblemofchildobesitybeeffectivelycontrolled.
☆Undernocircumstancesshouldteacherspunishtheirstudentsphysically.
☆Strangeasitmayseem,parents’attentionsometimeshinders(阻礙)students’academicprogress.
☆近義詞：hinder/impede/obstruct
☆Neitherofthesefactorsisthecaseanylonger.
☆NeverhavetherebeenmoreappropriatevehiclesfordirectmarketingthantheInternetandE-mails.
E強(qiáng)調(diào)但不強(qiáng)勢
用Itis…that..或者Itis…who…
Parentsandsiblingshaveafargreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoftheirpersonalitytraits.
Thoughfriendsdefinitelyplayasignificantroleinshapingteenagers’personality,itistheparentsandsiblingsthathaveafargreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoftheirpersonalitytraits.
F虛擬不等忽悠
TherecentcrisiscouldnothaveoccurredwithouttheparticipationofthebiggestplayersonWallStreet.
HadIlivedinasmalltown,mylifewouldhavebeenconfinedto(被限制)veryfewpossibilities.
G抽象畫法的of
Importance/help/value/interest/significance/necessity/quality等。比如:
☆Fossilfuelisofgreatimportancetothe
developmentofindustry,transportationandtourism.
☆Whetherpeopleinthedevelopingworldaresufferingisofnointeresttomanywealthycitizensinindustrialcountries.
H被動(dòng)也瘋狂
Itcanbearguedthat…
Ithasbeennotedthat…
It’sobservedthat..
It’sbelievedthat…
It’scommonlyacceptedthat…
It’sgenerallyrecognizedthat…
Itisreportedthat..（注意這里可以用現(xiàn)在時(shí)）It’sestimatedthat…
I變性表決心
請注意這里的變性是指“改變詞性”的句式變換手法。寫作中的變性主要有三種：改變前:Peopleareconcernedbecausethetraditionalvaluesaregraduallydisappearing
fromthetribes.
Peopleareconcernedaboutthegradualdisappearanceofthetraditionaltribalvalues.
改變前:Somepeopledon’tfulfilltheirresponsibilitiesasparents.
改變后:Somepeopledon’tfulfilltheirparentalresponsibilities.
Telecommuting（在家遠(yuǎn)程上班）canbringnumerousbenefitstobothemployeesandemployers.
Bothemployeesandemployerscanbenefitfromtelecommuting.
Telecommutingcanbenefitemployersandemployees.
Telecommutingisbeneficialtobothemployeesandemployers.
Bothemployeesandemployerscanbebeneficiaries(受益者)oftelecommuting.
J副詞排成隊(duì)
☆A(yù)thletestendtomovegracefully,energeticallyandpowerfully.
Somepeoplearguethatthenewinstructionmethodologycanhelpstudentsdevelopintellectuallyandemotionally.
☆A(yù)llthismaterialisnowquickly,inexpensivelyandreadilyavailablefromthecomfortofourdesksandworkstations.
☆A(yù)fterthesurgery,mostyoungpatientsfeelphysicallyandmentallybacktonormalwithinaweek.
M雙重否定就是肯定
☆1tisnotunrealistictopromotemorejobsatisfactioninanyjob.意思是：去做某事是
現(xiàn)實(shí)的
☆Notsurprisingly,
Itisnotuncommonthat
Itwasnotunusualthat
三、托福句庫必備排比法
1．詞語排比
(1)名詞
Wehavenothingbuttruth,goodneandbeauty.
我們除了真實(shí)、善良和漂亮之外，一無所有。Shegaveupherfamily,herhonor,andherfortuneforliberty.
她放棄了家庭、榮耀和財(cái)富，只是為了追求自由。
用family，honor，fortune：比來突出她對自由的渴望以及毅然為之所做出的犧牲非常大。
(2)動(dòng)詞
Sincenow,wemustpickourselvesup,dustourselvesoff,andprepareourselvesfornew
challenges.
從現(xiàn)在開始，我們必須重新振作，整裝待發(fā)，迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)。
三個(gè)簡單的動(dòng)詞“重新振作、整裝待發(fā)、迎接挑戰(zhàn)”，卻能夠有力地號召大家為當(dāng)前的工作做好準(zhǔn)備，起到鼓舞人心的作用。Duringourlife,weshouldneverstopstudying,thinking,andpracticing.
在我們的一生中，我們必須不斷學(xué)習(xí)，不斷思考，不斷實(shí)踐。
用三個(gè)動(dòng)詞精煉、抽象地概括了人一生不斷成長的過程，道出了人生的本質(zhì)。
(3)形容詞
Whatanugly,greedy,andselfishman!
這是一個(gè)多么丑陋、貪婪，自私的人呀！連用三個(gè)形容詞塑造了一個(gè)丑陋的形象，也流露出了作者的厭惡之情。
Skateboardingisbothexcitinganddangerous.
滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)又興奮又危險(xiǎn)。
(4)副詞
Intheyallcame,oneafteranother,someshyly,someboldly,somegracefully,someawkwardly…(Dickens)
他們都進(jìn)來了，一個(gè)接著一個(gè)，有的害羞，有的膽大，有的優(yōu)雅，有的笨拙（狄更斯）
2．短語排比
(1)名詞短語
Fourthingsarenottobebroughtback:awordspoken,anarrowdischarged,thedivinedecreeandpasttime.(E.P.)
四件事情是無法收回來的：說出去的話，放出去的箭，神圣的法會，以及過去的時(shí)間。
Onlydependonthosevaluescanwesucceed–hardworkandtolerance,fairplayandcourage…
我們要成功，就需要依靠以下這些價(jià)值觀：努力工作和忍耐力，公平競爭和勇氣
(2)動(dòng)詞短語
Leteverynationknow,whetheritwishesuswellorill,thatweshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandsucceofliberty.(Kennedy)
(3)介詞短語
Ourgovernmentisagovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeople.我們的政府是民有、民主、民享的政府。
(5)不定式短語
Thetimehascometorelearnourhistory,toreaffirmourresponsibilityandtochooseournewtarget.
是到了重新學(xué)習(xí)歷史、重新確認(rèn)責(zé)任、選擇我們新的目標(biāo)的時(shí)刻了。
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Itiseasierformorepeoplenow
thaninthepasttogetaneducation.
文章1
Neverdoesthetopicreferringtoeducationfailtoarousetheattentionofpublic,withtheincreasingawareneoftheimportanceofeducationaswellasthegrowingamountofeducationalresources.Imaintainthatpeoplearenoweasiertobecomeeducatedthaninthepast.
Firstofall,educationallevelofacountryisconsideredasavitalfactortoacountry' http://www.lookme-vision.com ernmentalsoprovidesteacherswithexcellent
http://www.lookme-vision.com ernmentalso
equipsuniversitiesorcollegeswithhighqualityfacilitiestoencourageteachersandstudentstogetinvolvedinallkindsofresearches.Therefore,withthehelpof
government,educationhasbecomeeasierformostpeople.
What’smore,variousopenclassesandlearningmaterialsareavailableonthe
internetsothatpeoplecanlearnwheneverorwherevertheywant.Theyneednottogotoschooltogeteducation.Asauniversitystudent,Icanbenefitalotfromthesharedonlineeducationalmaterials.Forexample,IamabletohaveaccetotheclassesthatareofferedinHarvardUniversity,StanfordUniversityandotherfamousuniversitiesallovertheworld.Ireallyenjoytheconveniencethatinternethasbroughttous.Therefore,Ibelievethatpeoplehavemoreopportunitiestogeteducationwiththehelpofinternet.
Lastbutnotleast,theawareneofeducationhasincreaseddramaticallyinmodernsociety,andthereasonsmaybethatastrong
educationalbackgroundisbeneficialtoallofus.Underaheavyinfluenceofglobal
unemploymentcrisis,mostpeoplefindthatitishardtofindajob.However,apersonwithmasterdegreemaypossemorechancestogetanidealjob.Inaword,thepressureoflivinginmodernsocietyalsoservesasanimportantmotivationthatstimulatespeopletobecomeeducated.
Allinall,withthehelpofgovernmentandthewidespreadofinternetaswellasincreasingawareneofeducation,itissurlyeasierforpeopletobecomeeducatedthaninthepast.
文章2
Thetwentiethandtwenty-firstcenturieshaveseen/witnessedthedevelopmentand
http://www.lookme-vision.com cationisanareathathasdevelopedtremendouslyinthepasthundredyears.Theriseofthemiddleclass,thestandardizationofeducation,andtheopeningofmanymoreschoolshasmadeitpossibleformorepeoplenowthaninthepasttogetaneducation.
InChinaspecifically,educationreformbeganwiththeopeningupandreformperiodofthe1980’s.DuringthistimeChinaalsoopenedupitseconomyandchangedfromastateruneconomytoamarketeconomy.AmarketeconomyinChinahasmadeitpossibleforthedevelopmentofthemiddleclass.Historicallythroughouttheworld,educationbelongedtothesocialelites.Peoplefromthelowerclass,whichalwaysoutnumberedtheupperclass,didnothavethemoneyorresourcestobecomeeducated.Themiddleclaisagroupofpeoplewhoarenotnecessarilytheelitesof
society,buthavethemoneytopayforeducation.Sincethe1980’s,themiddleclahasbeenrapidlygrowing,increasingten-fold十倍thenumberofchildrenwhohavetheopportunitiestogetaneducation.
Withtheriseofthemiddleclass,alsocomesanincreaseinpressureonthegovernment.倒裝Sincemorepeoplecanaffordeducation,morepressureisputonthegovernmenttoprovideteachersandschoolsforthechildrenofthemiddleclass.Thegovernmentisthenspurredintoactiontoincreasefundingandresourcesforeducationnationwide.Thishasthenpromptedtheopeningofschoolsinmanyareasbeyondthemajorcitiesandthetrainingofmanynewteachers.Moreteachersandmoreschoolsmeanthatmorepeoplewillbeeducated.
Thegovernment’sattentiononeducationhashelpedwiththestandardizationofeducationinChina.Thisstandardizationhascreatednationwideteststhathavemadeitsothateverystudent,nomatterhisorherbackgroundorhometown,hastheopportunitytoattendhighschoolandapplyforcollege.Notonlydomorestudentshavetheopportunitytoattendschool,buttheyalsohavetheopportunitytocontinuetheireducationfurtherthanpreviousgenerations.
Theriseofthemiddleclass,theincreasedinvolvementofthegovernment,andthestandardizationofeducationhasmadeitsothatmorepeople,nowthanever,havetheopportunitytobecomeeducated.
范文
Ithasbeenarguedthatdespitethecontinuedadvancementofscienceandtechnology,ourliveshavechangedinawaythatismoretremendousthanever.I,howeverIdisagree.
First,environmentalproblemsarestillonthewaitinglist.Technology-dominatedindustrializationhasgeneratedsuchproblemsasglobalwarming,acidrainandurbansmog,whichhasgivenrisetoaseriesofadverseeffects-climatechange,deathofaquaticlifeandrespiratorydiseases.Althoughqualityoflifehasimproved,therearestillmanythingsthatcouldbeimprovedinChina,likesafetyandlivingconditions.Ifthemostsignificanttransformationinlivingstandardshastakenplace,howisitpossiblethatecocideisstillarealandever-presentdanger?
Second,worldpeacestillhangsbyathread.TaketheIraqWarforexample.Itbrokeout
eightyearsagoandsincethenIraqishavebeenlivinginhell.Theirhomesaretorchedanddestroyedandtheirfamilieshavebeentornapart.Itiscertainthattheyhavenotreceivedallthebenefitsofadvancedtechnology.Superpowersarebusywiththenuclearexperiments,butthehighlytechnologicalworkbringsanythingbutworldpeace.Ifthemostsignificanttransformationinlivingstandardhastakenplace,howisitpossiblethatsomeonthisplanetarestillingreatagony?
Lastly,thepaceoflifeisincreasinglyfasterandshowsnosignofslowingdown.Undoubtedly,developmentinITindustriesandcommunicationdeviceshasenabledpeopletoenjoymoreconvenientlives.However,itisalsotheseeminglyalmightytechnologiesthathaveputpeopleinsuffering.Whereveryougo,cellphonesmakeitpossibleforyourbotospotyouandgiveyoumore
work, http://www.lookme-vision.com puters,whichgivecompaniestheabilitytoteleconferenceandconductonlineinterviews,haveturnedourhomesintoamereextensionofouroffices.Ifthemostsignificanttransformationinlivingstandardshastakenplace,howisitpossiblethatpeoplenowarestillsufferingfromdeprivedsleep,unbalanceddietandstrainedfamilyrelations?
Allinall,scienceandtechnologyhavebeenandwillcontinuetodevelop,butthefundamentaltransformationofourliveshasnotyettakenplace.(363words)
托福寫作中要注意句子的變化
托福寫作中要注意句子的變化
托福考試作為一個(gè)英語語言考試，對于考生在作文中的遣詞造句的能力是有著比較高的要求的。具體的要求我們可以參看托�？荚嚬俜街改仙厦鞔_給出的托福寫作滿分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的第二點(diǎn)：
“Displaysconsistentfacilityintheuseoflanguage,demonstratingsyntacticvariety,appropriatewordchoice,andidiomaticity.”這個(gè)要求的意思是說，我們要在行文過程中體現(xiàn)出穩(wěn)定的語言表達(dá)能力，要合理選詞，還要句式多樣。
按照ETS的官方要求，考生寫出一篇300多單詞的獨(dú)立寫作文章，也不過就是幾十個(gè)句子。這幾十個(gè)句子，要處處彰顯出自己的語言功底，其實(shí)是一件很困難的事情，但同時(shí)也是一件非常容易的事情�！袄щy”是因?yàn)橐诳紙錾鲜志o張的情況下在題目的框架內(nèi)寫出幾十個(gè)風(fēng)格各異的句子，的確是有難度的;“容易”則是因?yàn)槠鋵?shí)只要考生在平時(shí)備考的時(shí)候，積累了許多有效變換句式的方法并配以大量的練習(xí)，在考場上思如泉涌、妙筆生花就變得很簡單了!下面筆者就來介紹幾條托福寫作技巧。
第一：使用插入語。
插入語通常由一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)短語或一個(gè)句子構(gòu)成，位置較為靈活，可置于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗號或破折號與句子隔開，是對一句話或者一個(gè)詞所作的一些附加說明或解釋。
第二：使用倒裝句。
Eg:NotuntilTombegantoworkdidherealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.
直到湯姆開始工作的時(shí)候，他才意識到自己已將浪費(fèi)了多少時(shí)間。
Eg:OnlyiftheAmericangovernmentwilladoptsomeefficientmeasures，willtheeconomiccrisisbetackled.
只有美國政府采取有效的措施，這次經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)才能被解決。
第三：使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句:Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容+that
Eg:Itiscarsandfactoriesthatreleaseagreatdealofgases，pollutingtheenvironment.
汽車和工廠排放大量的廢氣，使得環(huán)境被污染。
第四：使用同位語從句。
Eg:Itisanindisputablefactthatdesertenlargingbecomesincreasinglyserious.
毋庸置疑的是沙漠的擴(kuò)大化正變得越來越嚴(yán)重。
Eg:Noonecanrefutethebasicfactthatunemploymentisanimportantreasonforcitycrime.
沒有人能否認(rèn)這一基本事實(shí):失業(yè)率是導(dǎo)致城市犯罪案件發(fā)生的而一個(gè)重要原因。
第五：使用主語從句。
Eg:ItisuniversallyacknowledgedthattheeternalthemeofJaneAusten’snovelsisthechoicepeoplemakeformarriagepartners.
人們普遍承認(rèn)簡·奧斯丁的小說永恒的主題是人們做的關(guān)于婚姻伴侶的選擇。
Eg:Whathascaughtpeople'sattentionisthattheeconomyinbothChinaandIndiaisquicklydeveloping.
人們已經(jīng)開始關(guān)注的是中國和印度的經(jīng)濟(jì)都在飛速發(fā)展。
第六：使用狀語從句。
在托福寫作技巧當(dāng)中運(yùn)用的最多的是以下四種狀語從句，即原因狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，條件狀語從句，時(shí)間狀語從句。
1.原因狀語從句：常常由because，as，since和for引導(dǎo)
Eg:Watchingtelevisionisabetterwaytolearn,foritprovidespeoplemorefreshknowledge.
看電視是一種更好的學(xué)習(xí)方法，因?yàn)樗峁┙o人們更多的新鮮知識和資訊。
2.讓步狀語從句：常由
although，though，eventhough/if，aslongas引導(dǎo)
Eg:Althoughrenewableresourcesarebeneficialtohumansociety，thisislittleevidencethattheycanreplacefossilfuelsintwentyyears.
盡管可再生能源對人類社會有益處，但是沒有證據(jù)證明它們能夠在20年之后就可以代替化石燃料。
3.條件狀語從句：常由if，ontheconditionthat和providingthat引導(dǎo)
Eg:Providingthatnowmoreandmorepeoplebegintorealizethesevereneofenergyshortage,thedemandofelectricitysavingappliancewillbeincreasinglylarge.
如果現(xiàn)在有越來越的人都意識到了能源短缺的嚴(yán)重性，那么節(jié)能電器的需求就會越來越大。
4.時(shí)間狀語從句：常由when和while引導(dǎo)
Eg:Whenitcomestowelfare，
thedevelopingcountriessimplycannotcompetewithdevelopedcountries.
說到社會福利，發(fā)展中國家簡直沒有辦法和發(fā)達(dá)國家相比。
以上就是環(huán)球北美考試院為大家介紹的托福寫作的相關(guān)知識，供大家參考使用，希望大家考出理想的成績！
托福寫作備考：句子開頭的多樣化
托福寫作備考：句子開頭的多樣化
跟托福死磕的親對寫作是不是很頭痛��？其實(shí)只要有一點(diǎn)小小的變化，你就可以使文章讀起來更加有新意，同時(shí)也會提升整個(gè)文章的檔次哦~那么，就讓我們來改一改吧！
采用不同的句子開頭是使句子多樣化的手段之一。我們造句及寫作的時(shí)候不應(yīng)該總是用“subject-verb-object”的結(jié)構(gòu)順序，而應(yīng)該盡量用不同的方式展開一個(gè)句子。不同的句子開頭既可以美化句子，同時(shí)也能使句子與句子之間自然過度，銜接自然，以免過于依賴過渡詞。在TWE考試中主考官對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣化也非常的重視，看看常見的句子開頭的方法！
句子的開頭可以采用以下的任何一種方式：
1用副詞開頭，常見的情形有：
（1）副詞修飾全句
Luckily,hedidn‘tknowmyphonenumber;otherwise,hewouldbotherme.
Incredibly,HelenagotstraightAinherschoolreportthissemester.
Interestingly,catsanddogscanhardlygetalongwellinahouse.
修飾全句常用的副詞有：
obviouslyundoubtedly
apparetlyfortunately
clearlyunfortunately
incrediblyluckily
unluckilysurprisingly
frighteningly
這些副詞大多數(shù)表示說話人對全句的看法，在意思上相等與“Itis...形容詞that...”。
eg:
Obviously,heisnervousaboutthetest.
=Itisobviousthatheisnervousaboutthetest.
Unfortunately,hetrippedoverandfellinthemud.
=Itisunfortunatethathetrippedoverandfellinthemud.
(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞
Hurriedly,themandrewmeascratchmaptoshowmethedirection.
Dangerously,thedrunkardspeddownthestreet.
Slowlyandgently,snowflakesweredriftingdownfromthesky.
(3)副詞表示某一地域或某一領(lǐng)域
Geographically,Canadaisthebiggestcountryintheworld.
Financially,sheisindependent,butemotionallysheisdependent.
2.用插入語開頭，表示說話人的態(tài)度，或使句子的意思更加準(zhǔn)確：
Strangelyenough,Jenniferdoesnotenjoysunshineandbeach.
Generallyspeaking,winterinVancouverisgloomy.
類似的插入語有：
nowondernodoubt
inotherwordsinmyopinion
inconclusioninfact
asamatteroffact
3.用形容詞、并列形容詞或形容詞短語開頭，修飾句子的主語，表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)：
Frantic,theyoungmotherrushedoutthedoorwiththebabyinherarms.
Tastyandcrisp,potatochipareafavoritesnackforbothchildrenandadults.
Happyathisgoodmarksatschool,thelittleboyskippedonhiswayhome.
Despereteandhopeless,thepoormancommittedsuicide.
4.用分詞、分詞短語開頭：
（
a)修飾句子主語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或主語同時(shí)進(jìn)行的另一個(gè)較謂語動(dòng)詞次要的動(dòng)作：
Scared,thegirlmovedtimidlyandcautiouslyintothedarkroom.(狀態(tài)）
Cgasedbymydearpetcat,themousedashedintoasnallhole.(狀態(tài))
Spoiledbyhisparents,thenaughtyboyalwaysinsistsonthingshewants.(狀態(tài)）
Puffingandhugging,hefinishedhisrun.(另一動(dòng)作）
Lookingatherselfinthemirror,shefingeredhersilkscarfonhershoulder.(另一動(dòng)作）
(b)修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，表示原因、時(shí)間等
Lyingdownonthecouch,hefeltmuchrelaxed.(時(shí)間）
Feelingbored,sheturnedontheTVandswitchedfromchanneltochannel.(原因）
Wantingtofindoutthebusinehour,shecalledthestore.(原因）
Havingcompletedtheform,dhemaileditoutimmediately.(時(shí)間）
5.用介詞短語開頭，表示句子謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因、條件等：
Onseeinghimapproach,thegirlimmediatelyturnedherfacetoashopwindowpretendingtolookatsomethingthere.(時(shí)間）
Aroundthecorner,acrowdgathered.(地點(diǎn)）
Unlikehisfather,Petertouchesneithercigarettesnoralcohol.(方式）
Duetothelimitofseats,hewasnotaccepted.(原因）
Incaseoffire,usethestairways.(條件）
6.動(dòng)詞不定式開頭，強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的目的：
TocelebratethearrivaloftheMillennium,weheldagrandpartyinthehotel.
Toshowmytrustomhim,Ideposited$10,000intohisbankaccount.
7.用獨(dú)立分詞短語開頭，使句子有正式的味道：
Birdssinginginthetree,anotherroutinedaystarts.
Seagullsflyingoverthewater,theoldfishermanflunghisfishingmeatintotheopensea.
Adogfollowingthem,thepolicesearchedeverysuspect.
8.用過渡句開頭，表示此句與上下句的關(guān)系：
Consequently,Isloweddowntoavoidafineticket.
Infact,shewasakindheartedwoman.
9.用同位語開頭，表示主句位于動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式、條件等：
Asigningofficerofthebank,Janesignshernamehundredsoftimeseachdayatwork.
ATVaddict,JimwatchesTVmoviesoneafteranothereveryeveninguntilaftermidnight.
10.用副詞從句開頭，表示主句謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式、條件等：
Whenyouareinneedofhelp,givemeacall.
Whereveryougo,Ifollow.
Sinceyourchildenlovehamburgersandfries,wemightaswelleatinMacDonald.
Asifitweresummer,everybodywearshortsandaT-shirt.
Incasethatyougetlost,callmeatthisnumber.
11.用名詞從句開頭，作整句的主語：
Whetheryoutakethepositionornotmakesgreatdifferencetome.
WhyIamunhappyissomethingIcan‘texplain.
Whattheyshoulddoabouttheholeintheroofistheirmostpressingproblem.
從以上諸多句子開頭方法與例句中，我們可以領(lǐng)略到句式變化之美。我們在寫作的時(shí)候應(yīng)該有意地運(yùn)用多種語言技巧，使自己的文章有別于一般。