《牛津英語詞典》里的中文詞匯--干杯、旗袍

　　自2010年底，《牛津英語詞典》(整合資源，更新條目、定義與書證后，以在線版的形態(tài)重新問世。在線版的《牛津英語詞典》收錄了300個(gè)左右源自中文的詞匯，或音譯(loanword)或借譯(loan translation)�！杜＝蛴⒄Z詞典》(The Oxford English Dictionary)依歷史原則編纂，是英語世界最大、最權(quán)威的英語詞典。

　　ganbei 干杯;干了

　　【詞源】

　　[ < Chinese gānbēi: gān empty, dry + bēi cup ] 源自中文“干杯”。

　　【定義】

　　n. A Chinese drinking-toast, a call to drain one's glass. Also as v. intr. and trans., to drink (as) a toast. 中國(guó)式的祝酒，要人喝干杯中酒所說的話。亦作不及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞

　　【書證】

　　One of the cordial customs in China is to ganbei a Maotai—to down in one dash a glass of the country’s famous colourless wheat-based liquor. 在中國(guó)，一個(gè)表示友好的習(xí)俗是把茅臺(tái)給干了──也就是一口氣喝下一杯中國(guó)知名的、以小麥為原料的白酒。──澳大利亞《信使報(bào)》(Courier-Mail)，1976/7/7 Many ganbei, or toasts, drunk with mao-tai whisky,

　　cloyingly sweet orange soda or cool, refreshing Chinese beer were raised. 很多人舉杯喊“干了”(即祝酒)，喝的是類似威士忌的茅臺(tái)、甜的發(fā)膩的橙子汽水、還有清涼爽口的中國(guó)啤酒。──《時(shí)代雜志》(Time)，1987/4/13

　　qipao 旗袍

　　【詞源】

　　[ < Chinese qípáo (Wade-Giles transcription ch'i p'ao), lit. ‘banner dress’

　　The dress was so called with reference to the Manchu people who ruled China during the Qing dynasty: they were organized into groups designated by different coloured banners, and consequently the term qírén‘bannermen’became a way to

　　refer to Manchus. The one-piece garment was characteristic of Manchu dress, as distinct from the two-piece styles used by Han Chinese women. 這種婦女服飾得名自清朝統(tǒng)治中國(guó)的滿族。滿族人民依不同顏色的旗幟而分類編制，因此“旗人”這個(gè)說法便用來指稱滿族。這種連身的衣服是滿族婦女的特色服飾，有別于漢族婦女所穿的兩截式風(fēng)格。

　　【定義】

　　n. A type of dress traditionally worn by Chinese women, typically having a high mandarin collar, a split skirt, and a fitted bodice with an asymmetrical closure extending from the neck to the right underarm; = cheongsam

　　一種中國(guó)婦女所穿的傳統(tǒng)連衣裙，一般為直領(lǐng)，裙擺開衩，腰部以上合身，開襟不對(duì)稱，由領(lǐng)口開到右側(cè)腋下。亦作cheongsam

　　【書證】

　　When she struts about the stage.., her tight-fitting Chinese ‘qipao’, slit to the hip, flares open to reveal slender legs. 她在臺(tái)上昂首闊步，身上穿著開衩至臀部的緊身旗袍，展露出修長(zhǎng)的雙腿。──《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》(The New York Times)，1984/1/30

　　During a break, Madam Fu changes quickly into a navy blue

　　qipao tastefully complemented with a peach apron. 休息時(shí)，傅夫人立即換上一件深藍(lán)色的旗袍，搭配一條桃色的圍裙，雅

　　致而有品位。──新加坡《海峽時(shí)報(bào)》(The Strait Times)，1992/10/20

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