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劍橋商務(wù)英語考試BEC高級閱讀通關(guān)試題
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原文閱讀：歐洲央行宣布無限期維持寬松政策
The European Central Bank declared that it would maintain an easy monetary policy stance “as long as needed” while the eurozone battles record unemployment and shrinking economic activity.
“Our monetary policy will remain accommodative as long as needed,” Mario Draghi, ECB president, said during his monthly press conference.
Barclays analysts said in a note: “This commitment to an ‘open-ended’ policy is something new, showing the ECB’s desire to see market rates remain close to zero despite the ongoing improvement in financial markets’ confidence towards the euro area.”
The Federal Reserve has said interest rates will remain near zero until US unemployment falls to at least 6.5 per cent. While Mr Draghi described high unemployment as a “tragedy”, the ECB has no mandate to target joblessness.
Mr Draghi has consistently struck a gently upbeat tone on the eurozone’s prospects, despite being careful to say repeatedly that the risks to the outlook “remain on the downside”.“The recovery path is by and large unchanged,” he said. “Later in 2013 economic activity should gradually recover, supported by a strengthening of global demand.”
However, the bank’s own staff projections paint a gloomy picture. The quarterly forecasts for growth were revised down again. They now predict a contraction of 0.5 per cent this year, from a fall of 0.3 per cent previously. More alarmingly for a central bank whose sole policy target is price stability, the ECB is now forecasting inflation to slow to 1.6 per cent this year and 1.3 per cent next year, short of its “close to, but below” 2 per cent medium-term target.
“The get-out-of-jail card for the ECB with these forecasts has been to suggest that they are merely an input for their discussions, so they can go on to ignore them,” Ken Wattret, economist at BNP Paribas, said. “But it is stretching credibility for a central bank with onemandate to ignore its own current inflation projections.”
學(xué)習(xí)指南：
1.Word of the day
accommodative：willing to adjust to differences in order to obtain agreement 適應(yīng)的
ex: "Highly accommodative monetary policies are fast becoming a threat to price stability," it concluded.
例句：報告的結(jié)論是："各國非常寬松的貨幣政策正在迅速地威脅到價格的穩(wěn)定性。"
小編注：accommodative是由accommodate一詞衍生而來，有多種意思，比如to adapt, to reconcile適應(yīng)、調(diào)節(jié)，就和accommodative含義相似，因此accommodative也能用adaptive來作為近義詞。accommodate比較陌生的用法是留宿、收容，即provide housing for。
ex1:For your convenience and comfort, we accommodate you in one of the company's villas for foreign visitors.
例1：考慮到您的方便和舒適，您可以居住在公司的外賓專用別墅。
ex2:Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.
例2：過了一會兒，她的眼睛才能適應(yīng)黑暗。
2.Phrase of the day
by and large：For the most part; generally 總體上
ex: By and large, this inclination towards optimism is one of America's strengths.
例句：總的來說，這種樂觀傾向是美國的長處之一。
小編注：這是一個很常用的詞組，但是很多中國人卻并不熟悉。這個詞組和generally, in general, on the whole, mostly, usually, as a rule等是近義詞，可以增加用詞的多樣性。
3.Sentence of the day
However, the bank’s own staff projections paint a gloomy picture.
然而，歐洲央行內(nèi)部人員并不看好歐元區(qū)前景。
小編注：paint a gloomy picuture這是對“不看好”的一個很形象的表達(dá)。比起用not這樣的負(fù)面詞匯，這樣的表達(dá)不僅形象而且更符合英美文化習(xí)慣。同時，gloomy在這里也可以換成其他形容詞，比如同樣表示悲觀情緒的有paint a black/grim/mixed/bleak/disheartening/grey picutre等;表示樂觀情緒的有paint a rosy/wonderful/positive/benign picture等;其他還有paint a full/clear/mixed picture等。
ex: The most recent Chinese economic data seem to paint a gloomy picture for oil.
例句：中國最新的經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)似乎為其原油需求蒙上了一層陰影。
4.Cultural point of the day
get-out-of-jail card 出獄卡
小編注：這里想說的是另一個和jail有關(guān)的詞，bailout，這個詞在08年美國次貸危機之后，常常出現(xiàn)在各大報紙頭條，甚至還成了當(dāng)年的年度熱詞，大家并不陌生。bail一詞原指保釋金，bail sb.out就是保釋某人，bailout就是幫助某人脫困，尤指在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面。因此，bailout在當(dāng)年各大報紙中有翻譯成“救助”的，更有直接譯成“救市”的。
5.Translation of the day
More alarmingly for a central bank whose sole policy target is price stability, the ECB is now forecasting inflation to slow to 1.6 per cent this year and 1.3 per cent next year, short of its “close to, but below” 2 per cent medium-term target.
對于唯一政策目標(biāo)在于穩(wěn)定物價的歐洲央行來說，更令人擔(dān)憂的是，該行預(yù)測歐元區(qū)今年通脹率將降至1.6%，明年為1.3%，低于“接近但低于”2%的中期通脹目標(biāo)。
小編注：這是一句長難句的翻譯。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)會發(fā)現(xiàn)，第一句是從句，但是在從句中還嵌了一句從句，第二句是主句，第三句又是一句從句。因此在翻譯時要先理清關(guān)系，一句句解套。先把第二層從句(whose sole policy target is price stability)給翻譯出來，即“歐洲央行的唯一政策目標(biāo)是穩(wěn)定物價”，然后再依次翻譯即可。
參考翻譯：
The European Central Bank declared that it would maintain an easy monetary policy stance “as long as needed” while the eurozone battles record unemployment and shrinking economic activity.
歐元區(qū)正與創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的失業(yè)率和經(jīng)濟(jì)萎縮抗?fàn)�，歐洲央行(ECB)宣布將維持寬松貨幣政策，“延續(xù)時間視需要而定”。
“Our monetary policy will remain accommodative as long as needed,” Mario Draghi, ECB president, said during his monthly press conference.
歐洲央行行長馬里奧德拉吉(Mario Draghi)在每月一次的新聞發(fā)布會上表示：“我們將維持寬松貨幣政策，延續(xù)時間視需要而定�！�
Barclays analysts said in a note: “This commitment to an ‘open-ended’ policy is something new, showing the ECB’s desire to see market rates remain close to zero despite the ongoing improvement in financial markets’ confidence towards the euro area.”
巴克萊(Barclays)在一份研究報告中表示：“歐洲央行承諾實施一項‘無明確終止時間的’政策是一件新事物，這表明，盡管眼下金融市場對歐元區(qū)的信心正在回升，該行仍希望看到市場利率處于接近于零的水平�！�
The Federal Reserve has said interest rates will remain near zero until US unemployment falls to at least 6.5 per cent. While Mr Draghi described high unemployment as a “tragedy”, the ECB has no mandate to target joblessness.
美聯(lián)儲(Fed)曾表示，聯(lián)邦基金利率將維持在接近于零的水平，直到失業(yè)率至少下降到6.5%時為止。盡管德拉吉將高失業(yè)率稱為一場“悲劇”，但歐洲央行無權(quán)設(shè)定失業(yè)率目標(biāo)。
Mr Draghi has consistently struck a gently upbeat tone on the eurozone’s prospects, despite being careful to say repeatedly that the risks to the outlook “remain on the downside”.“The recovery path is by and large unchanged,” he said. “Later in 2013 economic activity should gradually recover, supported by a strengthening of global demand.”
德拉吉一直在發(fā)表對歐元區(qū)的謹(jǐn)慎樂觀看法，不過他小心地重申，歐元區(qū)“仍未擺脫下滑風(fēng)險”。他表示：“在全球需求擴(kuò)大的支撐下，2013年下半年歐元區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)應(yīng)會逐漸復(fù)蘇�！�
However, the bank’s own staff projections paint a gloomy picture. The quarterly forecasts for growth were revised down again. They now predict a contraction of 0.5 per cent this year, from a fall of 0.3 per cent previously. More alarmingly for a central bank whose sole policy target is price stability, the ECB is now forecasting inflation to slow to 1.6 per cent this year and 1.3 per cent next year, short of its “close to, but below” 2 per cent medium-term target.
然而，歐洲央行內(nèi)部人員并不看好歐元區(qū)前景，季度增長預(yù)期再度向下調(diào)整。他們預(yù)測，今年歐元區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)將收縮0.5%，先前預(yù)測的收縮幅度為0.3%。對于唯一政策目標(biāo)在于穩(wěn)定物價的歐洲央行來說，更令人擔(dān)憂的是，該行預(yù)測歐元區(qū)今年通脹率將降至1.6%，明年為1.3%，低于“接近但低于”2%的中期通脹目標(biāo)。
“The get-out-of-jail card for the ECB with these forecasts has been to suggest that they are merely an input for their discussions, so they can go on to ignore them,” Ken Wattret, economist at BNP Paribas, said. “But it is stretching credibility for a central bank with one mandate to ignore its own current inflation projections.”
法國巴黎銀行(BNP Paribas)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家肯瓦特瑞特(Ken Wattret)表示：“做出上述預(yù)測的歐洲央行向來有一張‘出獄卡’，那就是聲明預(yù)測數(shù)據(jù)僅供討論之用，因此可以繼續(xù)不予理會。但是，如果一家唯一政策目標(biāo)是穩(wěn)定物價的央行不重視自家目前的通脹率預(yù)期，它的信譽不免受損�！�
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