- 相關(guān)推薦
2016年英語六級語法講解:動(dòng)詞不定式
動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的重要組成部分,在六級考試中非謂語動(dòng)詞部分是一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。以下重點(diǎn)為大家講解動(dòng)詞不定式,希望對大家有所幫助!
常跟不定式的動(dòng)詞:agree,fail,promise,afford,ask,happen,resolve,attempt,hesitate,seek,long,threaten,claim,manage,trouble,consent,neglect,try,decide,offer,undertake,demand,plan,volunteer,determine,prepare,want,pretend,wish,endeavor,proceed,struggle 等,在了解了加 to 的單詞之后,我們來看一看在什么情況下單詞 to 可以被省略。
1、在一般助動(dòng)詞或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后 to 可以被省略。
2、在動(dòng)詞 make,let,watch,see……之后作賓語的時(shí)候,to 可以被省略。
3、在 why 和 why not 之后 to 可以被省略,如:Why spend such a lot of time?(為什么花這么多時(shí)問?)和 Why not go right now?(為什么不現(xiàn)在去呢?)
4、在 had better,had best,would rather,had sooner,cannot but,do nothing but 等結(jié)構(gòu)后面 to 可以被省略。
下面看一道有關(guān)不定式的例題:
We sometimes imagine desert island_______a sort of paradise,where the sun always shines。
A.to have B.to be C.having D.being
整個(gè)句子的意思是,我們有時(shí)候把荒島想象成天堂,那里終日陽光普照。imagine 后面常跟 to be +形容詞(或者名詞或反身代詞)結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)這個(gè)知識點(diǎn),正確答案為 B。
可以跟這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有think,consider,believe,find,feel,know,declare,guess,prove,suppose 等。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to be ?梢允÷,如:They found him guilty.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他有罪。)
【定義】
(語態(tài))動(dòng)詞和參與此動(dòng)作的主語之間關(guān)系的一個(gè)術(shù)語。當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)起者(或之一)時(shí),稱為主動(dòng)語態(tài);
如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者,不定式一般要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。如:
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主語是被動(dòng)語態(tài)to be invited是被邀請)
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主語)
I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作賓語)
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定語)
He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作狀語)
在There be結(jié)構(gòu)中,修飾主語的不定式可用被動(dòng),也可用主動(dòng)。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有時(shí)兩種形式表達(dá)的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
【語法形式】
1) 現(xiàn)在式:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示的動(dòng)詞,有時(shí)與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,有時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后。一般為:動(dòng)詞+ to do sth
He seems to know this.
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再見到你。
2) 完成式:表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3)進(jìn)行式:表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
He seems to be eating something.
4)完成進(jìn)行式:
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
一般在表示情緒的動(dòng)詞后加to do也表將來
【疑問詞】
疑問詞who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式構(gòu)成不定式短語,在句中作主語、賓語、表 語等。如:
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主語)
、贛r. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做賓語)
、跧 asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接賓語)
④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表語)
以上例句中疑問詞+不定式部分,均可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的從句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I
could learn……
經(jīng)常在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中使用的動(dòng)詞有:consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。
【英語六級語法講解:動(dòng)詞不定式】相關(guān)文章:
英語六級語法講解2016:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞10-28
大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識:省to的動(dòng)詞不定式10-22
小升初英語語法動(dòng)詞短語講解08-14
GMAT語法講解:動(dòng)詞lie,lie,lay的區(qū)別07-28
2015年大學(xué)英語六級考試語法講解:非謂語動(dòng)詞08-14
雅思語法講解11-05
大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法:非謂語動(dòng)詞05-18
2016年英語六級語法講解倒裝部分07-29
雅思閱讀:動(dòng)詞不定式用法詳解10-14