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2017英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法講義
有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞+介詞”，“動(dòng)詞+副詞”等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開(kāi)。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。以下是小編為大家搜索整理了2017英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法講義，希望能給大家?guī)?lái)幫助!更多精彩內(nèi)容請(qǐng)及時(shí)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生考試網(wǎng)!
【例如】
The meeting is to be put off till Friday. Women were looked down upon in the past in China. The out of date teaching method must be done away with. Don't worry, everything will be attended to in good time. The poor child was laughed at by his classmates because he failed his exams. The children are taken good care of by the teacher.
這類可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的“動(dòng)詞+介詞/副詞”詞組還有：depend on, make use of, bring about, put forward, send for, talk about, bring up, put on, think over, call off等。
“be+過(guò)去分詞”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)并不都是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可能是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要區(qū)別是：被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，試比較下面的句子：
被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)
The enemy was soon surrounded by us.
系表結(jié)構(gòu)
The house is surrounded by trees.
被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)
She was bitten by the dog in the darkness.
系表結(jié)構(gòu)
I was excited by the news that my husband got promoted.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各種形式也有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般常用的是一般體和完成體的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如下表：
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式
一般
不定式
to be done
動(dòng)名詞
being done
現(xiàn)在分詞
being done
完成
不定式
to have been done
動(dòng)名詞
having been done
現(xiàn)在分詞
having been done
例如:
It is a great honor for him to have been elected a model worker. (不定式完成體的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))This new teaching method has the advantage ofshavingsbeen tried a number of times by experienced teachers. (動(dòng)名詞完成體的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
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